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Help others train smart.
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Come “PubCrawling” with Thomas Solomon PhD.

Exercise science articles.

For scientists, clinicians, coaches, students, and athletes.

Educational deep-dives into the science of running that filter the signal from the noise.
Fully-referenced, nerdy, but readable.

Every day is a school day.
​ Empower yourself to train smart.
​ Think critically. Be informed. Stay educated.


Thomas Solomon PhD.
Owner & Coaching director at Veohtu.
Scientist. Athlete.
Running coach. Nutritionist.
Exercise Physiologist. Personal Trainer.


Train smart. Get strong.
Run fast.

There is a disconnect between scientific advance and public knowledge. Social media is awash with anecdotes and popular media often skews public knowledge with inaccurate interpretations of scientific work, sometimes simply to fit a predetermined alarmist headline. Even scientists occasionally up-sell their work to the media to create inappropriately melodramatic impact... The true signal is often lost among the noise. My goal is to filter the signal from the noise. So, come PubCrawling with me, Thomas Solomon PhD, and get your science snifter fix by chugging from the glass of knowledge while I attempt to add some clarity to the obscurity.

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Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 28th May 2022.
Immunology.
Should you train after a vaccine?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 26th March 2022.
Fatigue in runners. Part 1 of 6.
What is fatigue?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 2nd April 2022.
Fatigue in runners. Part 2 of 6.
The causes of fatigue — do your muscles slow you down?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 9nd April 2022.
Fatigue in runners. Part 3 of 6.
The causes of fatigue — does your brain slow you down?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 16nd April 2022.
Fatigue in runners. Part 4 of 6.
What causes fatigue during exercise? Why do you slow down?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 30nd April 2022.
Fatigue in runners. Part 5 of 6.
How to resist fatigue. How to stop slowing down.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 7th May 2022.
Fatigue in runners. Part 6 of 6.
The final sprint — why is there always something left in the tank?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: Updated every 6-months.
Recent update: 17th Jan 2022.

Recovery magic tool.
A free resource for scientists, practitioners, coaches, and athletes to help inform their choices in using various approaches for recovery.

Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 31st March 2020. Updated: 21st Jan 2022.
Should you consider breath-hold training to boost your running performance?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 11th Dec 2021.
Muscle cramps. Part 1 of 2.
What causes exercise-associated muscle cramps?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 11th Dec 2021.
Muscle cramps. Part 2 of 2.
How to stop muscle cramps during training & racing?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
OPINION: 27th Nov 2021.
Continuous glucose monitoring for athletes.
The “glucose performance zone” is all hype.

Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 16th Oct 2021.
Training & racing in the heat. Part 1 of 3.
What does heat do to your body?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 16th Oct 2021.
Training & racing in the heat. Part 2 of 3.
How can you keep your cool on race day?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 16th Oct 2021.
Training & racing in the heat. Part 3 of 3.
How can you heat acclimate before race day?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 5th Feb 2020. Updated: 16th Oct 2021.
Training & racing in the cold. Part 1 of 3.
Understanding hypothermia.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 17th Feb 2020. Updated: 16th Oct 2021.
Training & racing in the cold. Part 2 of 3.
How to be safe and warm in the cold.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 28th Feb 2020. Updated: 16th Oct 2021.
Training & racing in the cold. Part 3 of 3.
Can you acclimate to brace the cold?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 15th Aug 2021.
Hydration. Part 1 of 4.
What we know about hydration.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 22nd Aug 2021.
Hydration. Part 2 of 4.
What we aren't sure about hydration.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 29th Aug 2021.
Hydration. Part 3 of 4.
What we don't know about hydration — the salty dilemma with sodium.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 12th Sept 2021.
Hydration. Part 4 of 4.
What you can do to stay hydrated.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 8th May 2021.
Performance nutrition. Part 1 of 6.
How much fuel is available in your body?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 15th May 2021.
Performance nutrition. Part 2 of 6.
How do your muscles use fuel to produce energy?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 22nd May 2021.
Performance nutrition. Part 3 of 6.
How long does your stored fuel allow your body to go?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 5th June 2021.
Performance nutrition. Part 4 of 6.
How can you establish high carbohydrate availability before a race?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 13th June 2021.
Performance nutrition. Part 5 of 6.
Why you should consider maintaining high carbohydrate availability during a race?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 3rd July 2021.
Performance nutrition. Part 6 of 6.
Putting it into practice — how can you maintain high carbohydrate availability?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
JUST FOR FUN: 1st Apr 2021.
Nocarbozade — a ground-breaking advance in nutritional products that will boost your performance.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
OPINION: 30th Jan 2021.
What do you say to a (vapor)fly? … “Shoe”. But supershoes are probably here to stay.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
JUST FOR FUN: 28th Dec 2020.
Comparative Physiology.
A dog is for life not just for Christmas.

Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 21st Nov 2020.
Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 1 of 6.
What are fat oxidation rates and why do they matter?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 28th Nov 2020.
Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 2 of 6.
Increasing fat burning during exercise — acute manipulations of carbohydrate availability.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 5th Dec 2020.
Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 3 of 6.
Chronic dietary manipulation of carbohydrate availability — 100-years of the low-carb, high-fat diet epic.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 12th Dec 2020.
Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 4 of 6.
Does a low-carb, high-fat diet offer a performance advantage to an endurance athlete?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 19th Dec 2020.
Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 5 of 6.
Understanding the “carb wars” using context and perspective.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 23rd Jan 2021.
Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 6 of 6.
Carb Wars: A New Hope. Carbohydrate periodisation.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
OPINION: 28th Oct 2020.
We are not getting faster; there are just more of us and we are more accessible.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 15th Oct 2020.
Recovery — the conclusion.
Optimal recovery is achieved by keeping it simple, stupid.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 26th Sep 2020.
Going beyond nutrition, sleep, and rest for recovery — is there anything else?
Should you use a splash of “magic” for recovery?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 8th August 2020.
Recovery Nutrition. Part 1 of 5.
Recovery nutrition starts with a healthy eating pattern.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 15th August 2020.
Recovery Nutrition. Part 2 of 5.
The “post-exercise nutrition window” is your between-session period for nutrient optimisation.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 22nd August 2020.
Recovery Nutrition. Part 3 of 5.
Eating carbohydrate replenishes muscle glycogen.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 29th August 2020.
Recovery Nutrition. Part 4 of 5.
Eating protein supports muscle protein synthesis to repair and build tissue.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 5th September 2020.
Recovery Nutrition. Part 5 of 5.
Carbohydrate plus protein is your recovery super power.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE:
Nutrition reference tables.
(a supplement for the nutrition articles)
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 4th July 2020.
Recovery Series.
Rest your body and your mind to get ready to go again.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 17th June 2020.
Recovery Series.
Sleep will supercharge your recovery but what about napping and your chronotype?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 11th June 2020.
Recovery Series.
Sleep: a five-letter word to supercharge your recovery.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 23rd May 2020.
Recovery Series.
Recovery 101 — Eat, sleep, rest, repeat.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 10th May 2020.
Training adaptations.
What happens in your muscles when you adapt to your training?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 18th April 2020.
Training load. Part 1 of 2.
Monitor your training load with help from your self-assessing brain.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 25th April 2020.
Training load. Part 2 of 2.
Metrics that "quantify" training load mdash; what are TRIMP, HRSS, and rTSS?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
JUST FOR FUN: 1st Apr 2020.
SuperMooJuice — a ground-breaking advance in nutritional products for recovery.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 26th March 2020.
Exercise immunology.
COVID-19 is your signal to stay active but prioritise recovery.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
OPINION: 10th Feb 2020.
World Athletics + rule change = confusion + sadness.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
DEEP-DIVE: 21st December 2019.
Genetics.
Is your performance shaped by your genes or your hard work?
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
OPINION: 29th November 2019.
Be the architect of your training. Part 1 of 3.
Plan your training.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
OPINION: 2nd December 2019.
Be the architect of your training. Part 2 of 3.
Design your training.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
OPINION: 6th December 2019.
Be the architect of your training. Part 3 of 3.
Review your training.
Training plans, coaching, and exercise science articles for runners and OCR athletes from Thomas Solomon at Veohtu.
OPINION: 5th Nov 2019.
Stress. Rest. Adapt. Grow. While being patient, staying calm, and having fun.




Think critically. Keep informed. Stay educated.
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​The author of these articles, Thomas Solomon, is a physiology academic turned coach and scientific consultant. He describes himself as a trail-running, rock-climbing, photograph-taking, craft beer enthusiast with a big orange beard.

​These articles are free. If you value them and would like to help keep them alive, please buy me a beer:

Buy me a beer.Buy me a beer.

Disclaimer: I occasionally mention brands and products but it is important to know that I am not sponsored by or receiving advertisement royalties from anyone. I have conducted biomedical research for which I have received research money from publicly-funded national research councils and medical charities, and also from private companies, including Novo Nordisk Foundation, AstraZeneca, Amylin, the A.P. Møller Foundation, and the Augustinus Foundation. I have also consulted for Boost Treadmills and Gu Energy on their research and innovation grant applications. These companies had no control over the research design, data analysis, or publication outcomes of my work. Any recommendations I make are, and always will be, based on my own views and opinions shaped by the evidence available. The information I provide is not medical advice. Before making any changes to your habits of daily living based on any information I provide, always ensure it is safe for you to do so and consult your doctor if you are unsure.

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