Learn how to run fast, be strong, and train smart
with exercise science articles
from Thomas Solomon PhD.
Educational deep-dives into the science of running that filter the signal from the noise.
For runners, obstacle course racers, and endurance athletes.
Fully-referenced, nerdy, but readable.


There’s a disconnect between scientific advance and public knowledge. Social media is awash with sexy anecdotes. Popular media often skews and obscures public knowledge with inaccurate interpretations of science, sometimes simply to fit a predetermined alarmist headline. Even some scientists up-sell their work to the media to create inappropriately melodramatic impact... Consequently, the true signal is often lost among the noise. Because I'm passionate about human health & performance, data quality, science communication, and open-access to education, my goal is to filter the signal from the noise and provide high-quality information for everyone — scientists, clinicians, coaches, students, and athletes. So, come “PubCrawling” with me, Thomas Solomon PhD, and get your science snifter fix by chugging from the glass of knowledge while I attempt to add some clarity to the obscurity.

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Updated every 6-months.
Recent update: 1st March 2023.
Recovery magic tool.
A free resource for scientists, practitioners, coaches, and athletes to help inform their choices in using various approaches for recovery.


Updated every 6-months.
Recent update: 5th August 2022.
Sports supplements tool.
A free resource for scientists, practitioners, coaches, and athletes to help inform their choices in using sports supplements to boost performance.

Recent update: 5th August 2022.
Sports supplements tool.
A free resource for scientists, practitioners, coaches, and athletes to help inform their choices in using sports supplements to boost performance.


2nd April 2022.
DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 2 of 6.
The causes of fatigue — do your muscles slow you down?

DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 2 of 6.
The causes of fatigue — do your muscles slow you down?


9nd April 2022.
DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 3 of 6.
The causes of fatigue — does your brain slow you down?

DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 3 of 6.
The causes of fatigue — does your brain slow you down?


16nd April 2022.
DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 4 of 6.
What causes fatigue during exercise? Why do you slow down?

DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 4 of 6.
What causes fatigue during exercise? Why do you slow down?


30nd April 2022.
DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 5 of 6.
How to resist fatigue. How to stop slowing down.

DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 5 of 6.
How to resist fatigue. How to stop slowing down.


7th May 2022.
DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 6 of 6.
The final sprint — why is there always something left in the tank?

DEEP-DIVE: Fatigue in runners. Part 6 of 6.
The final sprint — why is there always something left in the tank?


1st Apr 2022.
JUST FOR FUN:
SuperMegaEnergySpinach — another ground-breaking advance in sports nutrition to help boost your performance.

JUST FOR FUN:
SuperMegaEnergySpinach — another ground-breaking advance in sports nutrition to help boost your performance.


Should you consider breath-hold training to boost your running performance?


11th Dec 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Muscle cramps. Part 1 of 2.
What causes exercise-associated muscle cramps?

DEEP-DIVE: Muscle cramps. Part 1 of 2.
What causes exercise-associated muscle cramps?


11th Dec 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Muscle cramps. Part 2 of 2.
How to stop muscle cramps during training & racing?

DEEP-DIVE: Muscle cramps. Part 2 of 2.
How to stop muscle cramps during training & racing?


27th Nov 2021.
Continuous glucose monitoring for athletes.
OPINION: The “glucose performance zone” is all hype.

Continuous glucose monitoring for athletes.
OPINION: The “glucose performance zone” is all hype.


16th Oct 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Training & racing in the heat. Part 1 of 3.
What does heat do to your body?

DEEP-DIVE: Training & racing in the heat. Part 1 of 3.
What does heat do to your body?


16th Oct 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Training & racing in the heat. Part 2 of 3.
How can you keep your cool on race day?

DEEP-DIVE: Training & racing in the heat. Part 2 of 3.
How can you keep your cool on race day?


16th Oct 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Training & racing in the heat. Part 3 of 3.
How can you heat acclimate before race day?

DEEP-DIVE: Training & racing in the heat. Part 3 of 3.
How can you heat acclimate before race day?


Updated: 16th Oct 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Training & racing in the cold. Part 1 of 3.
Understanding hypothermia.


Updated: 16th Oct 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Training & racing in the cold. Part 2 of 3.
How to be safe and warm in the cold.


Updated: 16th Oct 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Training & racing in the cold. Part 3 of 3.
Can you acclimate to brace the cold?


29th Aug 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Hydration. Part 3 of 4.
What we don't know about hydration — the salty dilemma with sodium.

DEEP-DIVE: Hydration. Part 3 of 4.
What we don't know about hydration — the salty dilemma with sodium.


8th May 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 1 of 6.
How much fuel is available in your body?

DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 1 of 6.
How much fuel is available in your body?


15th May 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 2 of 6.
How do your muscles use fuel to produce energy?

DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 2 of 6.
How do your muscles use fuel to produce energy?


22nd May 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 3 of 6.
How long does your stored fuel allow your body to go?

DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 3 of 6.
How long does your stored fuel allow your body to go?


5th June 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 4 of 6.
How can you establish high carbohydrate availability before a race?

DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 4 of 6.
How can you establish high carbohydrate availability before a race?


13th June 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 5 of 6.
Why you should consider maintaining high carbohydrate availability during a race?

DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 5 of 6.
Why you should consider maintaining high carbohydrate availability during a race?


3rd July 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 6 of 6.
Putting it into practice — how can you maintain high carbohydrate availability?

DEEP-DIVE: Performance nutrition. Part 6 of 6.
Putting it into practice — how can you maintain high carbohydrate availability?


1st Apr 2021.
JUST FOR FUN:
Nocarbozade — a ground-breaking advance in nutritional products that will boost your performance.

JUST FOR FUN:
Nocarbozade — a ground-breaking advance in nutritional products that will boost your performance.


30th Jan 2021.
OPINION: What do you say to a (vapor)fly? … “Shoo”. But supershoes are probably here to stay.

OPINION: What do you say to a (vapor)fly? … “Shoo”. But supershoes are probably here to stay.


21st Nov 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 1 of 6.
What are fat oxidation rates and why do they matter?

DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 1 of 6.
What are fat oxidation rates and why do they matter?


28th Nov 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 2 of 6.
Increasing fat burning during exercise — acute manipulations of carbohydrate availability.

DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 2 of 6.
Increasing fat burning during exercise — acute manipulations of carbohydrate availability.


5th Dec 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 3 of 6.
Chronic dietary manipulation of carbohydrate availability — 100-years of the low-carb, high-fat diet epic.

DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 3 of 6.
Chronic dietary manipulation of carbohydrate availability — 100-years of the low-carb, high-fat diet epic.


12th Dec 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 4 of 6.
Does a low-carb, high-fat diet offer a performance advantage to an endurance athlete?

DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 4 of 6.
Does a low-carb, high-fat diet offer a performance advantage to an endurance athlete?


19th Dec 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 5 of 6.
Understanding the “carb wars” using context and perspective.

DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 5 of 6.
Understanding the “carb wars” using context and perspective.


23rd Jan 2021.
DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 6 of 6.
Carb Wars: A New Hope. Carbohydrate periodisation.

DEEP-DIVE: Nutritional manipulations for training. Part 6 of 6.
Carb Wars: A New Hope. Carbohydrate periodisation.


28th Oct 2020.
OPINION: We are not getting faster; there are just more of us and we are more accessible.

OPINION: We are not getting faster; there are just more of us and we are more accessible.


15th Oct 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Recovery — the conclusion.
Optimal recovery is achieved by keeping it simple, stupid.

DEEP-DIVE: Recovery — the conclusion.
Optimal recovery is achieved by keeping it simple, stupid.


26th Sep 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Going beyond nutrition, sleep, and rest for recovery — is there anything else?
Should you use a splash of “magic” for recovery?

DEEP-DIVE: Going beyond nutrition, sleep, and rest for recovery — is there anything else?
Should you use a splash of “magic” for recovery?


8th August 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 1 of 5.
Recovery nutrition starts with a healthy eating pattern.

DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 1 of 5.
Recovery nutrition starts with a healthy eating pattern.


15th August 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 2 of 5.
The “post-exercise nutrition window” is your between-session period for nutrient optimisation.

DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 2 of 5.
The “post-exercise nutrition window” is your between-session period for nutrient optimisation.


22nd August 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 3 of 5.
Eating carbohydrate replenishes muscle glycogen.

DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 3 of 5.
Eating carbohydrate replenishes muscle glycogen.


29th August 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 4 of 5.
Eating protein supports muscle protein synthesis to repair and build tissue.

DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 4 of 5.
Eating protein supports muscle protein synthesis to repair and build tissue.


5th September 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 5 of 5.
Carbohydrate plus protein is your recovery super power.

DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Nutrition. Part 5 of 5.
Carbohydrate plus protein is your recovery super power.


17th June 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Series.
Sleep will supercharge your recovery but what about napping and your chronotype?

DEEP-DIVE: Recovery Series.
Sleep will supercharge your recovery but what about napping and your chronotype?


10th May 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Training adaptations.
What happens in your muscles when you adapt to your training?

DEEP-DIVE: Training adaptations.
What happens in your muscles when you adapt to your training?


18th April 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Training load. Part 1 of 2.
Monitor your training load with help from your self-assessing brain.

DEEP-DIVE: Training load. Part 1 of 2.
Monitor your training load with help from your self-assessing brain.


25th April 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Training load. Part 2 of 2.
Metrics that "quantify" training load mdash; what are TRIMP, HRSS, and rTSS?

DEEP-DIVE: Training load. Part 2 of 2.
Metrics that "quantify" training load mdash; what are TRIMP, HRSS, and rTSS?


1st Apr 2020.
JUST FOR FUN:
SuperMooJuice — a ground-breaking advance in nutritional products for recovery.

JUST FOR FUN:
SuperMooJuice — a ground-breaking advance in nutritional products for recovery.


26th March 2020.
DEEP-DIVE: Exercise immunology.
COVID-19 is your signal to stay active but prioritise recovery.

DEEP-DIVE: Exercise immunology.
COVID-19 is your signal to stay active but prioritise recovery.


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Help empower yourself to train smart.
Think critically. Be informed. Stay educated.
Help empower yourself to train smart.
Think critically. Be informed. Stay educated.